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Plant Growth and Development — NEET MCQs with answers
Chapter 13 describes plant growth — an irreversible increase that is indeterminate, measurable, and proceeds through meristematic, elongation and maturation phases — and the processes of differentiation, dedifferentiation and redifferentiation. It explains the five principal groups of plant growth regulators (auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, abscisic acid and ethylene) as intrinsic controls of growth and development. Extrinsic factors such as light and temperature also affect growth and development, often via PGRs.
Topics in this chapter
- 13.1 Growth
- 13.2 Differentiation, Dedifferentiation, and Redifferentiation
- 13.3 Development
- 13.4 Plant Growth Regulators
Free practice questions
2,4-D is used to kill dicotyledonous weeds but does not affect:
- A. Fungal pathogens
- B. Young dicot seedlings
- C. All grasses at every stage
- D. Mature monocotyledonous plants
Show answer
Answer: D — NCERT states that 2,4-D does not affect mature monocotyledonous plants.
NCERT Class 11 Biology Ch 13.4
A student says: 'Development ends once the plant reaches maturity.' According to NCERT this statement is
- A. correct, because senescence is not a developmental change
- B. correct, because differentiation stops at maturity
- C. incorrect, because development extends up to senescence
- D. incorrect, because development begins only at flowering
Show answer
Answer: C — Development includes all changes from germination of the seed to senescence, so it does not stop at maturity.
NCERT Class 11 Biology Ch 13.3
Which of the following pairs is INCORRECTLY matched?
- A. Maturation phase — Maximal wall thickening
- B. Meristematic phase — Large conspicuous nuclei
- C. Geometric growth — Sigmoid curve
- D. Arithmetic growth — Sigmoid curve
Show answer
Answer: D — Arithmetic growth gives a LINEAR curve, not a sigmoid one. The sigmoid curve belongs to geometric growth.
NCERT Class 11 Biology Ch 13 · 13.1 Growth
To form a tracheary element, the cells would
- A. Gain extra protoplasm
- B. Become multinucleate
- C. Lose their protoplasm
- D. Lose their cell wall
Show answer
Answer: C — NCERT 13.2 gives tracheary element formation as the example: the cells lose their protoplasm.
NCERT Class 11 Biology Ch 13.2
Sprouting of potato tubers is initiated by
- A. cytokinin
- B. abscisic acid
- C. ethylene
- D. gibberellin
Show answer
Answer: C — NCERT: ethylene initiates sprouting of potato tubers.
NCERT Class 11 Biology Ch 13.4
Which of the following statements about growth is INCORRECT?
- A. Growth occurs at the expense of energy
- B. Growth is a reversible temporary increase in size
- C. Growth may involve an increase in the size of a single cell
- D. Growth is generally accompanied by metabolic processes
Show answer
Answer: B — Growth is irreversible and permanent, not reversible. The other three statements are directly stated in NCERT.
NCERT Class 11 Biology Ch 13 · 13.1 Growth
Development in plants (both growth and differentiation) is under the control of
- A. extrinsic factors only
- B. intrinsic and extrinsic factors
- C. neither intrinsic nor extrinsic factors
- D. intrinsic factors only
Show answer
Answer: B — NCERT states that development in plants, i.e. both growth and differentiation, is under the control of intrinsic and extrinsic factors.
NCERT Class 11 Biology Ch 13.3
Which of the following pairs shows the SAME phenomenon?
- A. Interfascicular cambium formation and cork cambium formation
- B. Cork cambium formation and epidermis formation from apical meristem
- C. Interfascicular cambium formation and tracheary element formation
- D. Root-cap formation and secondary xylem formation
Show answer
Answer: A — Both interfascicular cambium and cork cambium arise from fully differentiated parenchyma by dedifferentiation (NCERT 13.2).
NCERT Class 11 Biology Ch 13.2
Which of these is an indole compound used as an auxin?
- A. 2,4-D
- B. IBA
- C. Zeatin
- D. NAA
Show answer
Answer: B — Indole butyric acid (IBA) is an indole auxin isolated from plants.
NCERT Class 11 Biology Ch 13.4
The concept of plasticity implies that a single plant genotype can give rise to
- A. only one fixed set of structures
- B. no structural variation at all
- C. a new genotype in each environment
- D. different kinds of structures under different conditions
Show answer
Answer: D — Plasticity allows plants to follow different pathways in response to environment or phases of life to form different kinds of structures.
NCERT Class 11 Biology Ch 13.3
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