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Human Health and Disease — NEET MCQs with answers
Chapter 7 examines common human diseases caused by pathogens - bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoans and helminths - and the body's defences against them. It covers innate and acquired immunity, active and passive immunity, vaccination, allergies, autoimmunity and the lymphoid organs of the immune system, followed by AIDS (HIV), cancer (benign vs. malignant tumours, metastasis, carcinogens), and drug and alcohol abuse, particularly in adolescents.
Topics in this chapter
- 7.1 Common Diseases in Humans
- 7.2 Immunity
- 7.3 AIDS
- 7.4 Cancer
- 7.5 Drugs and Alcohol Abuse
Free practice questions
Which fish is introduced into ponds to feed on mosquito larvae as a vector-control measure?
- A. Anopheles
- B. Gambusia
- C. Culex
- D. Aedes
Show answer
Answer: B — NCERT mentions introducing fishes like Gambusia in ponds that feed on mosquito larvae.
NCERT Class 12 Biology · Ch 7 · 7.1 Common Diseases in Humans
Alpha-interferon is used in which approach to cancer treatment?
- A. Surgery
- B. Radiotherapy
- C. Biopsy
- D. Immunotherapy
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Answer: D — NCERT: In immunotherapy, patients are given biological response modifiers such as alpha-interferon which activate the immune system.
NCERT Class 12 Biology · Ch 7 · 7.4 Cancer
According to NCERT, which of the following family-related factors is associated with drug and alcohol abuse among adolescents?
- A. Unstable or unsupportive family structures
- B. Supportive and stable family structures
- C. High levels of nurturance and consistent discipline
- D. Strong parental guidance
Show answer
Answer: A — NCERT: Unstable or unsupportive family structures and peer pressure are factors associated with drug and alcohol abuse among adolescents.
NCERT Class 12 Biology · Ch 7 · 7.5 Drugs and Alcohol Abuse
Which of the following is a physiological barrier of innate immunity?
- A. Natural killer cells
- B. Interferons
- C. Acid in the stomach
- D. Skin
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Answer: C — Physiological barriers include acid in the stomach, saliva in the mouth and tears from eyes, all of which prevent microbial growth.
NCERT Class 12 Biology · Ch 7 · 7.2 Immunity
Which of the following NEET-style claims about HIV is correct?
- A. HIV is a bacterium with an RNA genome
- B. HIV is a retrovirus with a DNA genome
- C. HIV is a virus without any envelope
- D. HIV is a retrovirus with an RNA genome enclosed by an envelope
Show answer
Answer: D — NCERT states HIV is a retrovirus with an RNA genome. The other statements contradict NCERT: HIV does not have a DNA genome, it is not a bacterium, and its genome is enclosed by an envelope.
NCERT Class 12 Biology · Ch 7 · 7.3 AIDS
What are the main symptoms of ringworm?
- A. Stools with excess mucous and blood clots
- B. Dry, scaly lesions on skin, nails and scalp with intense itching
- C. Nasal congestion and sore throat
- D. Sustained high fever and constipation
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Answer: B — NCERT states appearance of dry, scaly lesions on various parts of the body such as skin, nails and scalp are the main symptoms, accompanied by intense itching.
NCERT Class 12 Biology · Ch 7 · 7.1 Common Diseases in Humans
Barbiturates, amphetamines and benzodiazepines are normally used as medicines to help patients cope with which conditions?
- A. Malaria and typhoid
- B. Depression and insomnia
- C. Cancer and AIDS
- D. Allergy and asthma
Show answer
Answer: B — NCERT: Barbiturates, amphetamines, benzodiazepines and similar drugs are normally used as medicines to help patients cope with mental illnesses like depression and insomnia.
NCERT Class 12 Biology · Ch 7 · 7.5 Drugs and Alcohol Abuse
Which international organisation has started a number of programmes to prevent the spreading of HIV infection, as mentioned in NCERT?
- A. UNESCO
- B. World Bank
- C. WHO (World Health Organization)
- D. FAO
Show answer
Answer: C — NCERT states that WHO has started a number of programmes to prevent the spreading of HIV infection.
NCERT Class 12 Biology · Ch 7 · 7.3 AIDS
The rejection of a graft/transplant from an unsuitable donor is due to which immune response?
- A. Passive immunity
- B. Humoral immune response
- C. Innate physical barrier
- D. Cell-mediated immune response
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Answer: D — The body differentiates 'self' and 'non-self', and the cell-mediated immune response is responsible for graft rejection.
NCERT Class 12 Biology · Ch 7 · 7.2 Immunity
Tumors are broadly classified into which two types?
- A. Active and passive
- B. Innate and acquired
- C. Benign and malignant
- D. Primary and secondary
Show answer
Answer: C — NCERT states that tumors are of two types: benign and malignant.
NCERT Class 12 Biology · Ch 7 · 7.4 Cancer
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