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Plant Kingdom — NEET MCQs with answers
Kingdom Plantae is described as five groups — Algae, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms and Angiosperms; fungi and members of Monera and Protista having cell walls are now excluded from it. Classification of angiosperms moved from artificial systems based on a few gross morphological characters, to natural systems based on natural affinities, to present phylogenetic systems based on evolutionary relationships, aided by numerical taxonomy, cytotaxonomy and chemotaxonomy. The main plant body of a bryophyte is the gametophyte, whereas in pteridophytes the main plant is a sporophyte.
Topics in this chapter
- 3.1 Algae
- 3.2 Bryophytes
- 3.3 Pteridophytes
- 3.4 Gymnosperms
- 3.5 Angiosperms
Free practice questions
According to NCERT, the pteridophytes are found chiefly in which of the following places?
- A. Boiling hot springs
- B. Bright, open deserts
- C. Cool, damp, shady places
- D. Saline coastal waters
Show answer
Answer: C — NCERT: 'found in cool, damp, shady places.'
NCERT Class 11 Biology · Ch 3 · 3.3 Pteridophytes
Which of these algae stores food as mannitol or laminarin?
- A. Porphyra
- B. Chara
- C. Sargassum
- D. Spirogyra
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Answer: C — NCERT: brown algae (Phaeophyceae) store food as laminarin or mannitol; Sargassum is a brown alga.
NCERT Class 11 Biology · Ch 3 · 3.1 Algae
The gametophyte of a moss consists of how many stages?
- A. One stage
- B. Four stages
- C. Three stages
- D. Two stages
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Answer: D — NCERT: the predominant stage of a moss is the gametophyte which consists of two stages (protonema and leafy stage).
NCERT Class 11 Biology · Ch 3 · 3.2 Bryophytes
Unlike bryophytes and pteridophytes, the gametophytes of gymnosperms:
- A. Are absent
- B. Live independently in water
- C. Do not have an independent free-living existence
- D. Are large and free-living
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Answer: C — In gymnosperms the male and female gametophytes do not have an independent free-living existence; they remain within the sporangia retained on the sporophytes.
NCERT Class 11 Biology · Ch 3 · 3.4 Gymnosperms
Natural classification systems were based on:
- A. A few vegetative characters only
- B. Chemical constituents of the plant only
- C. Natural affinities among the organisms
- D. Equal weightage to vegetative and sexual characters
Show answer
Answer: C — Correct: Natural affinities among the organisms. p.23: natural classification systems were based on natural affinities among the organisms. 'A few vegetative characters only' is wrong — that describes the artificial systems (p.23). 'Chemical constituents of the plant only' is wrong — that is chemotaxonomy (p.24). 'Equal weightage to vegetative and sexual characters' is wrong — that was a feature of artificial systems (p.23).
NCERT Class 11 Biology · Ch 3 · 3.5 Angiosperms
Fucus, cited by NCERT as an example of oogamous reproduction, belongs to:
- A. Phaeophyceae
- B. Rhodophyceae
- C. Bryophyta
- D. Chlorophyceae
Show answer
Answer: A — Correct: Phaeophyceae. p.27 lists Fucus among the common forms of Phaeophyceae (brown algae); Fig 3.1(b-ii). 'Chlorophyceae' is wrong — Fucus is listed among brown algae (p.27). 'Rhodophyceae' is wrong — Fucus is listed among brown algae, not red algae. 'Bryophyta' is wrong — Fucus is an alga, not a bryophyte.
NCERT Class 11 Biology · Ch 3 · 3.1 Algae
Which genus is named in section 3.3 as heterosporous but is NOT among the genera named there as forming strobili or cones?
- A. Lycopodium
- B. Equisetum
- C. Selaginella
- D. Salvinia
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Answer: D — p.32: Selaginella and Salvinia are named as heterosporous. p.30: Selaginella and Equisetum are named as forms in which sporophylls make strobili or cones. Only Salvinia is in the first list and not the second. Selaginella is in both lists; Equisetum and Lycopodium are not named as heterosporous.
NCERT Class 11 Biology · Ch 3 · 3.3 Pteridophytes
Gemmae are best described as
- A. Green, multicellular, asexual buds
- B. Unicellular flagellated spores
- C. Flask-shaped female organs
- D. Non-green sexual gametes
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Answer: A — NCERT: gemmae are green, multicellular, asexual buds which develop in gemma cups.
NCERT Class 11 Biology · Ch 3 · 3.2 Bryophytes
The archegonia in gymnosperms are the:
- A. Male sex organs
- B. Female sex organs
- C. Spores
- D. Pollen tubes
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Answer: B — The archegonia are the female sex organs.
NCERT Class 11 Biology · Ch 3 · 3.4 Gymnosperms
The reproductive organ of an angiosperm is the:
- A. Rhizoid
- B. Root
- C. Flower
- D. Cotyledon
Show answer
Answer: C — In the angiosperms or flowering plants, the pollen grains and ovules are developed in specialised structures called flowers (p.34).
NCERT Class 11 Biology · Ch 3 · 3.5 Angiosperms
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